Infectious Diseases, Microbiology & Beneficial Microbes

H.pylori and Cryptosporidium are recognized as the most prevalent pathogens in children especially immunocompromised. Considering the necessity to diagnose them precocious depends mostly on rapid tests such as immunochromatographic test (ICT) and microscopy. However, the sensitivity and specificity varies with  different  techniques  and  different  kits  utilized.  This  study  was  obtained  to  determine  H.pylori prevalence and its co-existence with cryptosporidium in immunocompromised children for their detection in stool and to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of different methods for Cryptosporidium spp and H.pylori diagnosis. Single fecal samples were collected from 51 immunocompromised Egyptian pediatric patients complaining with diarrhea, from February 2016 to June 2017. All stool specimens were microscopically examined for parasitic scanning.  Using modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain (MZN)  for  Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts detection. Coproantigens were detected H.pylori and Cryptosporidium. Copro-DNAs detection of H.pylori and Cryptosporidium were performed using nested-PCR assays. H. pylori and cryptosporidium co-infection was detected in 63.6%. Fever and weight loss were significantly associated symptoms combined with diarrhea. PCR yielded the highest detection rates (21.6%), compared MZN staining method (5.9%) and ICT coproantigen detection (11.8%).PCR yield for H.pylori also higher rates (51%) than copro antigen(17.6%). Our data provide a better understanding of the epidemiology of H.pylori infection when associated with Cryptosporidium in immunocompromised children. PCR remains the gold standard for diagnosis of H.pylori and Cryptosporidium .still further investigations are needed with an emphasis upon determining correlation with gut microbiomes.